{"id":236225,"date":"2025-12-09T12:21:07","date_gmt":"2025-12-09T12:21:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/gatti-guardiani-patrimonio\/"},"modified":"2025-12-09T13:14:13","modified_gmt":"2025-12-09T13:14:13","slug":"knowledge-guarding-cats","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/en\/knowledge-guarding-cats\/","title":{"rendered":"The knowledge-guarding cats"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 dir=\"auto\"><span class=\"font-762333\">The knowledge-guarding cats<\/span><\/h1>\n<h3 dir=\"auto\"><span class=\"font-762333\"><em>Back when mice were the scourge of libraries, the most dependable remedy had four legs and purred.<\/em><\/span><\/h3>\n<figure id=\"attachment_236206\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-236206\" style=\"width: 840px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-236206 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Cat-in-a-library-Image-by-Grok-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Cat in a library Image by Grok\" width=\"840\" height=\"473\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Cat-in-a-library-Image-by-Grok-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Cat-in-a-library-Image-by-Grok-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Cat-in-a-library-Image-by-Grok-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Cat-in-a-library-Image-by-Grok-350x197.jpg 350w, https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Cat-in-a-library-Image-by-Grok.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 840px) 100vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-236206\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span class=\"font-762333\">Cat in a library Image by Grok<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><span class=\"font-762333\">Long before the digital age and well before air conditioning, high-resolution scanners, or international archival standards existed, libraries around the world had a common enemy: mice. Attracted to paper, parchment, and the animal glue used to bind books, these rodents posed a constant threat to entire cultural collections. The response was surprisingly universal: cats were enlisted as official guardians of knowledge. This tradition spans European medieval monasteries, Asian libraries, Middle Eastern temples, Islamic archives, Chinese imperial palaces, and, of course, cultural institutions in Switzerland, Italy, Russia, and the United States.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><span class=\"font-762333\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.de\/-\/en\/Wealth-Machine-Step-Step-Intelligence\/dp\/3907776003\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=1Y9PTZCG34VXK&amp;dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.dxsh9kJ57gD0bh2vb8G3pPqWoPSjkgp6Hdtf4Kvk23dAq-5xwJz0UHfn_BT6R3WuuXL20IbqN98YcNthkLkZeu40oMAj_vsIzipb8V4aQb7BbHRK7TyTtbQUoKS3UM5tlFPRZINtVrwp-sAuagg42DOcHeLfGUalTLVgF1ewsyySSeP_kFKfcbNbu_nMm9JBpXKqBdX76ki5UmAUU-g4DdS0p5Bvx9-nbvSKdSKF4Oc.saYp6q_2aZJcHxjA3IXbaxuEZXJD0cSPIAdNUvMm79s&amp;dib_tag=se&amp;keywords=ai+wealth+machine+andre+schenone&amp;qid=1765276449&amp;sprefix=ai+wealth+machine+andre+schenone%2Caps%2C109&amp;sr=8-1\"><strong>AI WEALTH MACHINE<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"91\" data-end=\"135\"><span class=\"font-762333\">A global problem: mice vs. manuscripts<\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"137\" data-end=\"686\"><span class=\"font-762333\">From ninth-century Ireland to Edo-period Japan, from the Caliphate of C\u00f3rdoba to the Ottoman Empire, the scene was always the same: a single mouse could destroy in one night what generations of scholars had spent years creating. In Benedictine and Cistercian monasteries across Europe, in Japanese Zen temples, in madrasas of the Islamic world, and in the palaces of the Forbidden City, rodents knew no cultural or religious boundaries. Wherever knowledge was stored on organic materials\u2014paper, parchment, bamboo, or leather\u2014the risk was the same.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"688\" data-end=\"726\"><span class=\"font-762333\">Official feline teams in service<\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"728\" data-end=\"798\"><span class=\"font-762333\">Cats thus became part of the staff, often with official recognition:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"800\" data-end=\"1471\">\n<li data-start=\"800\" data-end=\"916\">\n<p data-start=\"802\" data-end=\"916\"><span class=\"font-762333\">In medieval Europe, they already appear in monastery accounting records, with expenses listed for milk and fish.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"917\" data-end=\"994\">\n<p data-start=\"919\" data-end=\"994\"><span class=\"font-762333\">In Ottoman libraries, specific funds were allocated for the care of cats.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"995\" data-end=\"1252\">\n<p data-start=\"997\" data-end=\"1252\"><span class=\"font-762333\">In Russia, Peter the Great and later Catherine II ordered the transfer of cats from Kazan to St. Petersburg to protect the manuscripts of the Hermitage\u2014a tradition that continues today with the famous 70 \u201cHermitage cats,\u201d employees of the Russian state.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1253\" data-end=\"1363\">\n<p data-start=\"1255\" data-end=\"1363\"><span class=\"font-762333\">In Japan, Buddhist temples regarded cats not only as practical guardians but also as spiritual protectors.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1364\" data-end=\"1471\">\n<p data-start=\"1366\" data-end=\"1471\"><span class=\"font-762333\">In 1880, the British Library officially paid six pence a week to its cats serving as \u201crodent officers.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1473\" data-end=\"1548\"><span class=\"font-762333\">Even the United States Library of Congress employed cats until the 1970s.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"font-762333\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/en\/il-coraggio-e-femmina-presentation\/\">Success for the presentation of the book Il coraggio \u00e8 femmina at the Italian Chamber of Deputies<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"72\" data-end=\"127\"><span class=\"font-762333\"><strong data-start=\"72\" data-end=\"125\">Cat flaps: architecture in the service of felines<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"129\" data-end=\"353\"><span class=\"font-762333\">One of the most poetic signs of this global alliance are cat flaps: small doors or openings built into the doors of libraries and archives, allowing cats to patrol freely even when the rooms were closed. They can be found:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"355\" data-end=\"665\">\n<li data-start=\"355\" data-end=\"430\">\n<p data-start=\"357\" data-end=\"430\"><span class=\"font-762333\">In English and French monastic libraries of the 13th and 14th centuries<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"431\" data-end=\"514\">\n<p data-start=\"433\" data-end=\"514\"><span class=\"font-762333\">In the Biblioteca Laurenziana in Florence and the Biblioteca Marciana in Venice<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"515\" data-end=\"569\">\n<p data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"569\"><span class=\"font-762333\">In the Swiss archives of St. Gallen and Einsiedeln<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"570\" data-end=\"616\">\n<p data-start=\"572\" data-end=\"616\"><span class=\"font-762333\">In Tibetan and Japanese monastic complexes<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"617\" data-end=\"665\">\n<p data-start=\"619\" data-end=\"665\"><span class=\"font-762333\">In some historic madrasas of the Middle East<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"667\" data-end=\"699\"><span class=\"font-762333\">Small doors for great rescues.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"667\" data-end=\"699\"><span class=\"font-762333\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/en\/cat-ladder\/\">The swiss cat ladder phenomenon<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"76\" data-end=\"115\"><span class=\"font-762333\"><strong data-start=\"76\" data-end=\"113\">Cats who made history (literally)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul data-start=\"117\" data-end=\"815\">\n<li data-start=\"117\" data-end=\"245\">\n<p data-start=\"119\" data-end=\"245\"><span class=\"font-762333\"><strong data-start=\"119\" data-end=\"133\">Pangur B\u00e1n<\/strong> (9th century), the cat of an Irish monk celebrated in the oldest European poem dedicated to a library feline.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"246\" data-end=\"354\">\n<p data-start=\"248\" data-end=\"354\"><span class=\"font-762333\"><strong data-start=\"248\" data-end=\"256\">Mike<\/strong> (1907\u20131929), chief cat of the British Library, buried with full honors in the museum courtyard.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"355\" data-end=\"461\">\n<p data-start=\"357\" data-end=\"461\"><span class=\"font-762333\"><strong data-start=\"357\" data-end=\"380\">The cats of Topkap\u0131<\/strong>, Istanbul, who for centuries protected the manuscripts of the sultan\u2019s palace.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"462\" data-end=\"661\">\n<p data-start=\"464\" data-end=\"661\"><span class=\"font-762333\"><strong data-start=\"464\" data-end=\"486\">The Hermitage cats<\/strong>, who during the Siege of Leningrad (1941\u20131944) were the only unit never evacuated; when the cats died of starvation, an entire train from Yaroslavl arrived to replace them.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"662\" data-end=\"815\">\n<p data-start=\"664\" data-end=\"815\"><span class=\"font-762333\"><strong data-start=\"664\" data-end=\"675\">Browser<\/strong> (Texas), <strong data-start=\"685\" data-end=\"694\">Elsie<\/strong> (Minnesota), <strong data-start=\"708\" data-end=\"717\">Kuzya<\/strong> (Moscow): modern library cats with ID cards, Instagram pages, and thousands of devoted readers.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"font-762333\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/en\/different-world-tiziano-gastaldi\/\">Here is the new book \u201cA Different World &#8211; scientific or pseudoscientific cocktail to keep the detractors happy\u201d<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"72\" data-end=\"103\"><span class=\"font-762333\">A heritage we owe to them<\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"105\" data-end=\"405\"><span class=\"font-762333\">How many works by Aristotle, Avicenna, Averroes, Dante, Galileo, or the Zen masters do we owe, indirectly, to the nocturnal vigilance of a cat? Without their silent work, entire chapters of human intellectual history would have been lost\u2014not to censorship or fire, but to the tiny teeth of rodents.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"407\" data-end=\"437\"><span class=\"font-762333\">A lesson for the present<\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"439\" data-end=\"825\"><span class=\"font-762333\">Today, books are increasingly digitized, rodents are kept at bay by environmental control systems, and archives are protected by advanced technologies. Yet the history of library cats leaves us with a simple and profound lesson: the preservation of knowledge has always been a collective endeavor, in which even the smallest and seemingly most insignificant actors can prove decisive.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"827\" data-end=\"1037\"><span class=\"font-762333\">Sometimes, the future of culture has been saved not by great emperors or sophisticated inventions, but by a feline who, in the silence of the night, simply did its duty: guarding knowledge, one paw at a time.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><a href=\"https:\/\/k16trade.ch\/raw-coffee\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-230949 size-medium aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/FullLogo_Transparent_NoBuffer-300x145.png\" alt=\"K16 TRADE &amp; CONSULTING SWITZERLAND\" width=\"300\" height=\"145\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/FullLogo_Transparent_NoBuffer-300x145.png 300w, https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/FullLogo_Transparent_NoBuffer-1024x495.png 1024w, https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/FullLogo_Transparent_NoBuffer-768x371.png 768w, https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/FullLogo_Transparent_NoBuffer-350x169.png 350w, https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/FullLogo_Transparent_NoBuffer.png 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For centuries, libraries have used cats as defenders of books against mice: a global tradition connecting monasteries, archives, and cultural institutions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":236207,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2257,2275,2330,258,1344,271,260,302,210,257],"tags":[1065,2624,539,1841],"class_list":["post-236225","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-africa-en","category-america-en","category-asia-en","category-culture","category-curiosity","category-europe","category-highlights","category-history","category-magazine","category-switzerland","tag-book","tag-cat","tag-culture-en","tag-library"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/236225","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=236225"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/236225\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":236233,"href":"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/236225\/revisions\/236233"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/236207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=236225"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=236225"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swissfederalism.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=236225"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}